Histamine and Antihistamines

HISTAMINE • Histamine is an autacoid present at high levels in the lungs, skin, and the gastrointestinal tract and is released from mast cells and basophils by type I hypersensitivity reactions, drugs, venoms, and trauma. • Histamine receptors are of the serpentine family, with seven transmembrane- spanning domains with G-protein-coupled second messenger effectors. - H1 activation + ↑ capillary dilation (via NO) -→ ↓ BP + ↑ capillary permeability -→ ↑ edema + ↑ bronchiolar smooth muscle contraction (via IP 3 and DAG release) +...

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Chvostek's and Trousseau's Sign

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Varicella (bệnh thủy đậu) & Herpes Zoster (bệnh Zona, giời leo)

 Phân biệt nhiễm Varicella (bệnh thủy đậu) và nhiễm Herpes Zoster (bệnh Zona, giời leo) https://www.facebook.com/TTYKMed...

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The four pillars of learning are fundamental principles for reshaping education

The four pillars of learning are fundamental principles for reshaping education: Learning to know: to provide the cognitive tools required to better comprehend the world and its complexities, and to provide an appropriate and adequate foundation for future learning. Learning to do: to provide the skills that would enable individuals to effectively participate in the global economy and society. Learning to be: to provide self analytical and social skills to enable individuals to develop to their fullest potential psycho-socially, affectively...

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Beck's triad

Beck's triad is a collection of three medical signs associated with acute cardiac tamponade, an emergency condition wherein fluid accumulates around the heart and impairs its ability to pump blood. The signs are low arterial blood pressure, distended neck veins, and distant, muffled heart sounds. Narrowed pulse pressure might also be observed. The concept was developed by Claude Beck, a resident and later Professor of Cardiovascular Surgery at Case Western Reserve...

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Body mass index (BMI)

Body mass index The body mass index (BMI) or Quetelet index is a value derived from the mass (weight) and height of an individual. The BMI is defined as the body mass divided by the square of the body height, and is universally expressed in units of kg/m2, resulting from mass in kilograms and height in metres. The WHO regards a BMI of less than 18.5 as underweight and may indicate malnutrition, an eating disorder, or other health problems,...

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